base_metal · primary
Refined copper (cathode + secondary). Base metal critical-list addition reflects Tier-1 mineral demand for electrification and grid build-out.
Trade · cross-border
US import dependency
2021–2024 · USGS MCS88% of US imports from Finland · Copper content of blister and anodes
Provenance
Net import reliance · 2025
57% net import reliantImport vs export balance · 2021–2025
USGS MCSLatest 2025: net importer
| Year | Imports | Exports | Net |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2021 | 930.0K t | 392.0K t | +538.0K t |
| 2022 | 744.0K t | 378.0K t | +366.0K t |
| 2023 | 774.0K t | 368.0K t | +406.0K t |
| 2024 | 903.0K t | 398.0K t | +505.0K t |
| 2025 | 1.7M t | 450.0K t | +1.3M t |
Top global exporters · 2024
CEPII BACI · export valueExport restrictions
10 measures · OECD| Reporter | Measure | Count |
|---|---|---|
| Chile | Fiscal tax on exports | 444 |
| Congo, the Democratic Republic of the | Export surtax | 444 |
| Congo, the Democratic Republic of the | Export tax | 444 |
| Congo, the Democratic Republic of the | Fiscal tax on exports | 444 |
| Congo, the Democratic Republic of the | Licensing requirement | 444 |
| Congo, the Democratic Republic of the | Other export measures | 444 |
| Argentina | Export tax | 372 |
| Zambia | Licensing requirement | 252 |
| Zambia | Other export measures | 222 |
| Argentina | Minimum export price / price reference for exports | 208 |
15 sources · click to verify
