Silicon · Si
specialty_metal · primary
Bottom line
Silicon sits on 2 federal critical-minerals lists; mine supply is highly concentrated (HHI 0.55, 2025), led by 🇨🇳 China at 73% of output. US net import reliance: >50 (2025). Prices fell 24% over the past year (-12%/yr over 4y).
At a glance
Headline indicators
Price · 2025
140cents per pound
USGS MCS (Ferrosilicon, 75% silicon)
Price trend
-24% 1Y
-12%/yr · 4Y CAGR
US net import reliance · 2025
>50
Mine production HHI
0.55
Highly concentrated · 2025
From ore to use
lifecycle flow
- 01Reserves
-
- 02Production
9.6Mt
China top · 2025
- 03Trade
258.0Kt
net importer · 2025
- 04Stocks
0t
year-end · 2025
- 05Consumption
-
Coverage
Data coverage notes
- no dataNo commodity-decomposed recycling data - No USGS MCS Fig13 scrap rows. EU WEEE / battery EOL flows (Phase 6.1.1) are country-keyed only - see country profiles.
- datedExport-restriction inventory ends 2020 - The OECD industrial-raw-materials inventory (vendored snapshot) reports HS-line measures only through 2020; restrictions enacted since are not reflected in the measure table.
- narrowConsumption geography is single-economy (United States) - Reported consumption covers one economy only - the world usage split must be read from trade flows, not from a consumption table.
Methodology
How strata reads a commodity
The eight-stage lens, the observed-vs-estimated membrane, stage-honest supply, per-stage concentration, ownership resolution and the demand lens - the full method is illustrated live on copper, nickel and lithium.
Provenance
Where this data comes from
- itrpv 2023
midstream_components_seed
ni43101_deposits
ownership_control_seed
- USGS MCS (Ferrosilicon, 50% silicon)
- USGS MCS (Ferrosilicon, 75% silicon)
- USGS MCS (Silicon metal)
- USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026
- USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries World Data (legacy wide format, 2023-2025 vintages)
- USGS Minerals Yearbook OFR 2025-1047
- USGS Minerals Yearbook Vol III, reference year 2019
11 sources · titles open the source card · url opens the publisher