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© 2026 BrightQuery, Inc. All rights reserved.
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Commoditylithium
Critical · 4 lists

Lithium · Li

battery_metal · primary

Battery metal at the centre of the EV transition. Production has tripled since 2018  Australian spodumene + South American brine dominate. US output is climbing (Silver Peak NV; Thacker Pass under construction) but remains <2% of global supply.

DOE_2023
USGS_2022
USGS_2025
EU_CRMA_2024

Supply · in the ground

Top reserves · 2025

global total: 34,070,000 metric tonsHHI 0.19 · Moderate

Provenance

Where this data comes from

  • BGS World Mineral Statistics
  • IEA Critical Minerals Dataset (CMO 2025)
  • mofcom_2024
  • oecd_trains
  • Statistics Canada Table 16-10-0022
  • USGS DS-140 (constant 1998 USD)
  • USGS DS-140 (nominal)
  • USGS MCS (Price, annual average-real, ba)
Federated from primary sources. Every fact carries its provenance.
USGS·MSHA·EPA FRS·Wikidata·CEPII BACI·IEA CMO·NREL·BGS·GCAM·HECTOR·PROMMIS
Strata is a product ofBrightQueryBrightQuery
© 2026 BrightQuery, Inc. All rights reserved.
lessmore
  1. 1🇨🇱Chile
    27.0%9,200,000 metric tons
  2. 2🇦🇺Australia
    24.7%8,400,000 metric tons
  3. 3🇨🇳China
    13.5%4,600,000 metric tons
  4. 4🇺🇸United States
    12.9%4,400,000 metric tons
  5. 5🇦🇷Argentina
    12.9%4,400,000 metric tons
  6. 6🇨🇦Canada
    4.7%1,600,000 metric tons
  7. 7🇧🇷Brazil
    1.6%540,000 metric tons
  8. 8🇿🇼Zimbabwe
    1.5%500,000 metric tons
  9. 9 Mali
    1.1%370,000 metric tons
  10. 10🇵🇹Portugal
    0.2%60,000 metric tons

10 countries shown · USGS-defined economic reserves

Supply · named deposits

Deposits

Concentrated32 estimates · 15 deposits

744 distinct deposits across the roster

Geographic spread

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United States 446 · Argentina 34 · Canada 33 · Zimbabwe 32 · Bolivia 26

Named producers

  • Bernic Lake · Canada · Manitoba
  • Quebec Lithium · Canada · Quebec
  • Koktokay · China · Xinjiang* [Sinkiang]PEGMATITE, ZONED
  • Koktokay Lithium Mine · China · Xinjiang* [Sinkiang]
  • Chalaka · China · Xizang* (Tibet)

Resource & reserve estimates

Bonnie Claire, Bonnie Claire depositInferred5,370,000 metric tons
Salton Sea, Salton Sea brine depositPossible1,000,000 metric tons
Clayton Valley-Cypress, Clayton Valley-Cypress depositIndicated617,500 metric tons
Kings Valley, Thacker Pass depositProven plus Probable589,000 metric tons
Clayton Valley-Cypress, Clayton Valley-Cypress depositInferred

Supply · geochemical abundance

Geochemistry

5 summaries · 5 media
Element · mediumDetection · share of samplesConcentration · median to max
Li coal
7,576 samples
99%
11.2 ppm · max 374 ppm
Li soil
43,694 samples
92%
24 ppm · max 4,100 ppm
Li sediment
95,908 samples
84%
24 ppm · max 5,000 ppm
Li rock
110,542 samples
48%
23 ppm · max 18,300 ppm
Li concentrate
4,104 samples
4%
9 ppm · max 700 ppm

USGS National Geochemical Database · sorted by detection · detected-sample concentration

Supply · out of the ground

Top producers · 2024

1,280 records
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1🇦🇺AustraliaSpodumene
3,902,057 t62%
2🇧🇷Brazil
944,114 t15%
3🇿🇼ZimbabweSpodumene
500,000 t8%
4🇿🇼ZimbabwePetalite
350,000 t6%
5

Supply

Global production over time

2015 → 2024latest6,477,068tonnes (metric)+949% · 10y
2015: 617,336 tonnes (metric)2016: 770,818 tonnes (metric)2017: 2,015,673 tonnes (metric)2018: 2,533,449 tonnes (metric)2019: 2,004,456 tonnes (metric)2020: 1,841,324 tonnes (metric)2021: 2,458,818 tonnes (metric)2022: 3,536,711 tonnes (metric)2023: 4,986,078 tonnes (metric)2024: 6,477,068 tonnes (metric)
2015201620172018201920202021202220232024
  • USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026
  • USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries World Data (legacy wide format, 2023-2025 vintages)
  • USGS Minerals Yearbook OFR 2025-1047
  • USGS Minerals Yearbook Vol III, reference year 2019
  • usgs myb1 lithium 2021
  • usgs myb1 lithium 2022
  • 14 sources · click to verify

    547,600 metric tons

    USGS USMIN · deposit-level contained-metal estimates

    🇨🇱ChileCarbonate
    250,605 t4%
    6🇦🇺AustraliaSpodumene (Li content)
    108,633 t2%
    7🇦🇷Argentina
    81,000 t1%
    8🇨🇱ChileLithium minerals (Carbonate -Li content)
    47,114 t1%
    9🇨🇦Canada
    41,666 t1%
    10🇨🇳China
    41,000 t1%

    Live

    Ir100%Canada · top shareRh100%Canada · top shareRu100%Canada · top shareGa98%China · top shareGe94%China · top shareNb92%Brazil · top shareSi82%China · top shareW79%China · top shareCo77%Congo, Democratic Republic · top share75%China · top shareTe75%China · top share75%China · top shareIn74%China · top sharePt73%South Africa · top shareCu70%China · top share66%China · top shareV64%China · top shareLi64%Australia · top shareAl66%China · top shareNi65%Indonesia · top sharePb62%China · top shareAs50%Peru · top shareMg58%China · top shareBe55%USA · top shareCr55%South Africa · top shareBi54%China · top sharePd44%Russia · top shareTa46%Congo (Kinshasa) · top share49%China · top shareSb43%China · top shareRe44%Chile · top shareB44%Turkey · top shareU38%Kazakhstan · top shareZr36%Australia · top shareMn39%South Africa · top shareZn39%China · top shareTi28%Mozambique · top shareAg34%Mexico · top share29%Canada · top share26%China · top shareSn26%China · top share🇨🇱 CLCutax2024🇨🇩 CDCusurtax2022🇨🇱 CLListrategic resource2023🇨🇳 CNLiexport license2024🇿🇼 ZWLiraw ore ban2022🇮🇩 IDNiraw ore ban2020🇵🇭 PHNiroyalty2024🇷🇺 RUNiimport ban2024🇨🇳 CN→🇻🇳 VNREE+4700%re export surge🇮🇩 IDNi-97%export ban effectLi+38%concentration shift🇨🇳 CNREE-25%concentration shift

    Concentration

    HHI

    0.45

    Concentrated

    Top-1
    64%
    Top-3
    93%
    Top-5
    99%
    NIR
    >50

    Active alerts · 5

    • 64%

      Australia · top share

    • 🇨🇱 CLstrategic resource

      2023

    • 🇨🇳 CNexport license

      2024

    • 🇿🇼 ZWraw ore ban

      2022

    • +38%

      concentration shift

    Critical lists · 4

    • DOE_2023
    • USGS_2022
    • USGS_2025
    • EU_CRMA_2024

    Sources · 14

    • BGS World Mineral Statistics
    • IEA Critical Minerals Dataset (CMO 2025)
    • Statistics Canada Table 16-10-0022
    • USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries World Data (legacy wide format, 2023-2025 vintages)
    • USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026
    • + 9 more in the Provenance section

    Concentration

    HHI

    0.45

    Concentrated

    Top-1
    64%
    Top-3
    93%
    Top-5
    99%
    NIR
    >50

    Active alerts · 5

    • 64%

      Australia · top share

    • 🇨🇱 CLstrategic resource

      2023

    • 🇨🇳 CNexport license

      2024

    • 🇿🇼 ZWraw ore ban

      2022

    • +38%

      concentration shift

    Critical lists · 4

    • DOE_2023
    • USGS_2022
    • USGS_2025
    • EU_CRMA_2024

    Sources · 14

    • BGS World Mineral Statistics
    • IEA Critical Minerals Dataset (CMO 2025)
    • Statistics Canada Table 16-10-0022
    • USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries World Data (legacy wide format, 2023-2025 vintages)
    • USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026
    • + 9 more in the Provenance section