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Commoditygold

Gold · Au

precious_metal · primary

Bottom line

Gold's mine supply is well diversified (HHI 0.10, 2025), led by 🇨🇳 China at 17% of output. US net import reliance: s (2025).

At a glance

Headline indicators

Price · 2025

3,300dollars per troy ounce

USGS MCS (Price, dollars per troy ounce)

US net import reliance · 2025

s

Mine production HHI

0.10

Diversified · 2025

From ore to use

lifecycle flow

01

Reserves

66.0Kt

Australia leads · 20% share

02Production

3,075,555Kilograms

China top · 2024

03Trade

60t

net importer · 2025

04Stocks

8.1Kt

year-end · 2025

05Consumption

150t

Consumption, reported · 2025

Coverage

Data coverage notes

datedMaterial-flow analysis is historical - All 6 material-flow records date to 2000 or earlier (Yale STAF era). They describe the anthropogenic cycle of that period, not today's system.
datedExport-restriction inventory ends 2020 - The OECD industrial-raw-materials inventory (vendored snapshot) reports HS-line measures only through 2020; restrictions enacted since are not reflected in the measure table.
narrowConsumption geography is single-economy (United States) - Reported consumption covers one economy only - the world usage split must be read from trade flows, not from a consumption table.

Provenance

Where this data comes from

Methodology

How strata reads a commodity

The eight-stage lens, the observed-vs-estimated membrane, stage-honest supply, per-stage concentration, ownership resolution and the demand lens - the full method is illustrated live on copper, nickel and lithium.

Read the methodology, illustrated live →

BGS World Mineral Statistics
DRC CTCPM quarterly mining-statistics bulletins (Ministry of Mines, free French PDFs) - operator-archived via `strata cd-ctcpm pull`; the Tableau I.10 exporter->importer ledger parses to named operator-level export SupplyRecords.
GHEITI (Ghana EITI) Mining Sector Reconciliation Report (free EITI PDF) - archived via `strata gh-gheiti pull`; the Mineral Production and Exports tables parse to per-company gold production + export (the named majors: Gold Fields, Newmont, AngloGold Ashanti, Asanko, Chirano, Golden Star...).
strata midstream/components census
midstream_components_seed
NI 43-101 / AIF deposit economics (tungsten + tin)
ni43101_deposits
strata ownership-control seed
ownership_control_seed
Statistics Canada Table 16-10-0022
USGS MCS (Price, dollars per troy ounce)
USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026
USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries World Data (legacy wide format, 2023-2025 vintages)
USGS Mineral Industry Surveys
USGS Minerals Yearbook OFR 2025-1047
USGS Minerals Yearbook Vol III, reference year 2019
USGS ARDF
USGS Deposit-Type Grade & Tonnage (Ni-Co laterite, podiform chromite)
usgs_deposit_gt
USGS National Mine Waste Inventory (NMWI)
usgs_mine_waste
USGS MRDS deposits
usgs_mrds_2016
USGS Porphyry Copper Deposits (grade & tonnage)
usgs_porcu
USGS World Phosphate Mines, Deposits, and Occurrences
usgs_world_phosphate
USGS USMIN Critical Deposits
usmin_critical_deposits

20 sources · titles open the source card · url opens the publisher